Retrofitting a thermoelectric-based solar still integrated with an evacuated tube collector utilizing an antibacterial-magnetic hybrid nanofluid

Abstract Providing sufficient potable water using solar energy is a promising method; however, existence of legionella bacteria, causing pneumonia prevalent in the systems operating at low temperature range, such as stills. This work first report applying antibacterial property hybrid nanofluid for disinfection, and its magnetic increasing heat transfer rate, simultaneously. In this research, performance modified single slope still thermoelectric-equipped channel integrated with concentrating evacuated tube collector an antibacterial-magnetic Ag@Fe3O4/deionized was examined experimentally, compared to that traditional still. The results indicated both productivity efficiency were improved by integrating thermoelectric cooling adding Ag@Fe3O4 nanoparticles fluid. utilizing proposed volume concentration 0.08% ameliorates daily rates respectively 218% 117% Also, cost producing freshwater about 0.019 ($/L/m2) payback period calculated 369 days.